Archive

The complete INLEVEL9 archive of analysis across technology, economics, and the humanities.

2026

Issue #68

Gemma 4, GLM-5, and the Real Cost of Running Agents

Google's Gemma 4 and a fresh GLM-5 benchmark reopen the question of what an agent model should actually cost to run.

AI & Tech
Issue #67

Anthropic's $14B ARR vs. $5B Cumulative Revenue

Run-rate and cumulative revenue mean different things—AI growth figures need cost and retention context too.

AI & Tech
Issue #66

Jury Verdict Holds Meta, Google Liable for App Design

A $6 million verdict against Meta and Google raises real questions about design liability, but it doesn't rewrite the rules for every platform.

Business
Issue #65

What Your Favorite Books Reveal About Personality

A study linking 60,000+ personality surveys to book preferences shows both promise and limits for recommendation engines.

Business
Issue #64

Delve Faces Fraud Claims Over Compliance Audits

Allegations of fabricated audit evidence and unlicensed open-source use have put this compliance automation startup under scrutiny.

Business
Issue #63

Silicon Valley's New Obsession With 'Taste'

I compare Paul Graham's and Kyle Chayka's clashing claims about taste to ask what judgment AI-era creators actually need.

Society
Issue #62

What 81,000 People Want From AI

Nearly 80,000 Claude users shared what they want from AI—and the same answers revealed both hope and worry.

AI & Tech
Issue #61

BYD's 5-Minute Charge: Why EV Drivers Should Care

I compared BYD's new 5-minute EV charging claim with my own waits in a Tesla Model Y and an Ioniq 5.

Business
Issue #60

NASA's Artemis II Launches, 53 Years After Apollo

Artemis II has launched toward the Moon, kicking off a look at US-China lunar plans and the rules for using its resources.

AI & Tech
Issue #59

Apple at 50: How Devices and Services Grew Together

I've used Apple products since the iPhone 3GS, and for its 50th anniversary I dug into revenue, active devices, and how ecosystem ties shape customer choice.

Business
Issue #58

Economists Are Using AI to Speed Up Research

Economists are using AI to code, clean data, and polish papers—raising real questions about speed versus rigor.

Business
Issue #57

ICML Rejects 497 Papers Over Peer Review Rule Break

ICML caught reviewers breaking an agreed LLM ban using hidden prompts embedded in PDFs, raising questions about accountability.

Society
Issue #56

arXiv Prepares to Leave Cornell, Stay Free

As arXiv spins off from Cornell into a nonprofit in 2026, its founders must find new ways to fund unrestricted access to millions of papers.

Society
Issue #55

Washington Post's Cost-Per-Story Score, and Its Blind Spot

The Washington Post now tracks cost per story and reader response scores as management metrics, but what do these numbers leave out?

Society
Issue #54

Inside Apple's US Chip Supply Chain Buildout

A WSJ reporter toured Apple's US chip facilities, revealing a gap between announced investment and actual production capacity.

AI & Tech
Issue #53

TikTok's $10 Billion Fee to the U.S. Government

Reports say TikTok's US investors agreed to pay Washington $10 billion on top of their equity stake—here's what that fee actually buys.

Business
Issue #52

Adobe's $150M Settlement Over Cancellation Dark Patterns

The DOJ's Adobe settlement reveals how subscription cancellation friction ties directly to retention metrics.

AI & Tech
Issue #51

Memory Stocks Fall After Google's TurboQuant Debut

Google's TurboQuant compresses the KV cache stored in GPU HBM, but that's different from cutting overall memory demand.

AI & Tech
Issue #50

Block Cuts 4,000 Jobs, Reviving the AI Tax Debate

Jack Dorsey's layoffs and Andrew Yang's push to tax AI raise a hard question: who pays when machines do the work?

Society
Issue #49

OpenAI Plans to Shut Down Sora After ChatGPT Shopping Revamp

OpenAI is winding down Sora while retooling ChatGPT shopping and courting enterprise clients—here's what that reveals about its priorities.

AI & Tech
Issue #47

Perplexity's Gross Margin vs. Its Overall Losses

I look at how Perplexity classifies costs, converts free users, and expands features—and why staying power, not just paid conversion, matters most.

Business
Issue #48

Five Takeaways From China's 15th Five-Year Plan

Beijing's 2026-2030 blueprint ties tech self-reliance and AI adoption to a consumption push, with growth targets set year by year.

Business
Issue #46

Meta Accused of Targeting Teens' Emotions in Ads

A whistleblower's Senate testimony claims Meta flagged teens' insecure moments for advertisers—so what about adults?

Business
Issue #45

Virtual Cards Built Just for AI Agents

How much spending power should an AI agent get? Prepaid limits, approvals, and dispute handling are the open questions.

Society